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Board Paper of Class 10 2014 Science (SET 2) - Solutions

General Instructions:
(i) The question paper comprises of two Sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.
(ii) All questions are compulsory.
(iii) All question of Section-A and all questions of Section-B are to be attempted separately.
(iv) Question numbers 1 to 3 in Section-A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word or in one sentence.
(v) Question numbers 4 to 7 in Sections-A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30 words each.
(vi) Question number 8 to 19 in Section-A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about 50 words each.
(vii) Question numbers 20 to 24 in Section-A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about 70 words each.
(viii) Question numbers 25 to 42 in Section-B are multiple choice questions based on practical skills. Each question is a one mark question. You are to select one most appropriate response out of the four provided to you.


  • Question 1
    Write the number of horizontal rows in the modern periodic table. What are these rows called? VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 2
    Name the information source for making proteins in the cells. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 3
    List two measures that you would suggest for the better management of water resources. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 4
    List four modes of asexual reproduction. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 5
    Draw a ray diagram to show the path of the reflected ray corresponding to an incident ray which is directed parallel to the principal axis of a convex mirror. Mark on it the angle of incident and the angle of reflection. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 6
    In some states of our country there is a ban on the use of polythene bags for shopping. Why? List three advantages of using jute or cloth bags over polythene bags. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 7
    List three problems which arise due to construction of big dams. Suggest a solution of these problems. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 8
    "Our food grains such as wheat and rice, the vegetables and fruits and even meat are found to contain varying amounts of pesticide residues." State the reason to explain how and why it happens? VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 9
    List any four methods of contraception used by humans. How does their use have a direct effect on the health and prosperity of a family? VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 10
    (a) Write the names of those parts of a flower which serve the same function as the following do in the animals :

    (i) testis,
    (ii) sperm,
    (iii) ovary,
    (iv) egg

    (b) State the function of flowers in the flowering plants. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 11
    (a) Give the evidence that the birds have evolved from reptiles.

    (b) Insects, octopus, Planaria and vertebrates possess eyes. Can we group these animals together on the basis of eyes that they possess ? Justify your answer giving reason. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 12
    (a) Mendel crossed tall pea plants with dwarf pea plants in his experiment. Write his observations giving reason on the F1 and F2 generations.
    (b) List any two contrasting characters other than height that Mendel used in his experiments in pea plants. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 13
    State the laws of refraction of light. If the speed of light in vacuum is 3 × 108 ms−1, find the speed of light in a medium of absolute refractive index 1.5. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 14
    A spherical mirror produces an image of magnification −1 on a screen placed at a distance of 40 cm from the mirror:
    (i) Write the type of mirror.
    (ii) What is the nature of the image formed?
    (iii) How far is the object located from the mirror?
    (iv) Draw the ray diagram to show the image formation in this case. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 15
    Why does the sun seem to rise two minutes before the actual sunrise and set two minutes after the actual sunset ? Explain with the help of labelled diagram. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 16
    Write the name and general formula of a chain of hydrocarbons in which an addition reaction with hydrogen can take place. Stating the essential conditions required for an addition reaction to occur, write the chemical equation giving the name of the reactant and the product of such a reaction. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 17
    State the meaning of the functional group in an organic compound. Write the formula of the functional group present in alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 18
    (a) Define the following terms :
    (i) Valency (ii) Atomic size

    (b) How do the valency and the atomic size of the elements vary while going from left to right along a period in the modern periodic table? VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 19
    Consider two elements 'A' (Atomic number 17) and 'B' (Atomic number 19) :
    (i) Write the positions of these elements in the modern periodic table giving justification.
    (ii) Write the formula of the compound formed when 'A' combines with 'B.'
    (iii) Draw the electron dot structure of the compound and state the nature of the bond formed between the two elements. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 20
    State the reason why carbon can neither form C4+ cations nor C4 anions but forms covalent compound. Also state the reason to explain why covalent compounds:
    (i) are bad conductors of electricity.
    (ii) have low melting and boiling points. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 21
    (a) Name the respective part of human female reproductive system:

    (i) that produces eggs,
    (ii) where fusion of eggs and sperm takes place, and
    (iii) where zygote gets implanted.

    (b) Describe in brief what happens to the zygote after it gets implanted. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 22
    (a) Give one example each of a unisexual and a bisexual flower.
    (b) Mention the changes a flower undergoes after fertilisation.
    (c) How does the amount of DNA remain constant though each new generation is a combination of DNA copies of two individuals? VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 23
    (a) List three common refractive defects of vision. Suggest the way of correcting these defects.
    (b) About 45 lac people in the developing countries are suffering from corneal blindness. About 30 lac children below the age of 12 years suffering from this defect can be cured by replacing the defective cornea with the cornea of a donated eye. How and why can students of your age involve themselves to create awareness about this fact among people?
    VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 24
    A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on the walls of the school laboratory by using a mirror.

    (a) Which type of mirror should he use and why?
    (b) At what distance, in terms of focal length 'f' of the mirror, should he place the candle flame to get the magnified image on the wall?
    (c) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image in this case.
    (d) Can he use this mirror to project a diminished image of the candle flame on the same wall? State 'how' if your answer is 'yes' and 'why not' if your answer is 'no.' VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 25
    A student has obtained an image of a distant object on a screen to determine the focal length F1 of the given lens. His teacher, after checking the image, gave him another lens of focal length F2 and asked him to focus the same object on the same screen. The student found that to obtain a sharp image, he has to move the lens away from the screen. From this finding, we may conclude that both the lenses given to the student were :

    (A) Concave and F1 < F2
    (B) Convex and F1 < F2
    (C) Convex and F1 > F2
    (D) Concave and F1 > F2 VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 26
    A student has obtained the image of a distant object with a concave mirror to determine its focal length. If he has selected a well-illuminated red building as object, which of the following correctly describes the features of the image formed?

    (A) Virtual, inverted and diminished image in red shade
    (B) Real, erect and diminished image in pink shade
    (C) Real, inverted and diminished image in red shade
    (D) Virtual, erect and enlarged image in red shade VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 27
    A student has obtained a magnified image of a flame on a screen using a convex lens. To draw the corresponding ray diagram to show the image formation, which of the following two rays whose paths after refraction are shown, should he select ?

    (A) I and II
    (B) II and III
    (C) III and IV
    (D) I and III VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 28
    A student was asked by his teacher to find the image distance for various object distance in case of a given convex lens. He performed the experiment with all precautions and noted down his observations in the following table:
     
    S. No. Object distance
    (cm)
    Image distance
    (cm)
    1 60 15
    2 48 16
    3 36 21
    4 24 24
    5 18 36
    6 16 48

    After checking the observations table the teacher pointed out that there is a mistake in recording the image distance in one of the observations. Find the serial number of the observations having faulty image distance.

    (A) 2
    (B) 3
    (C) 5
    (D) 6 VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 29
    A student is observing a diagram showing the path of a ray of light passing through a glass prism. He would find that for all angles of incidence the ray of light bends:

    (A) towards the normal while entering the prism and away from the normal while emerging from the prism

    (B) away from the normal while entering the prism and towards the normal while emerging from the prism

    (C) away from the normal while entering as well as while emerging from the prism

    (D) towards the normal while entering as well as while emerging from the prism VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 30
    The path of a ray of light passing through a glass prism is shown below:


    In this diagram, the angle of prism, angle of incidence, angle of emergence and angle of deviation, respectively, have been represented by:

    (A) O, Y, Z and N,
    (B) P, Y, M and Z,
    (C) O, X, M and Z,
    (D) P, X, Z and N. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 31
    On the basis of the experiment, "To trace the path of a ray of light through a rectangular glass slab", students of a class arrived at which one of the following conclusions?
    (A) Angle of incidence is greater than the angle of emergence.
    (B) Angle of emergence is smaller than the angle of refraction.
    (C) Emergent ray is parallel to the refracted ray.
    (D) Incident ray and emergent ray are parallel to each other. VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 32
    Study the following four experimental set-ups I, II, III and IV for the experiment, "To trace the path of a ray of light through a rectangular glass slab."



    Which of the marked set-ups is likely to give the best results (P1 and P2 are the positions of pins fixed on the incident ray)?
    (A) I
    (B) II
    (C) III
    (D) IV VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 33
    You are asked by your teacher to study the different parts of an embryo of a gram seed. Given below are the steps to be followed for the experiment:
    I. Soak the gram seeds in plain water and keep them overnight.
    II. Cut open a soaked seed and observe its different parts.
    III. Take some dry gram seeds in a petri dish.
    IV. Drain the excess water.
    V. Cover the soaked seeds with a wet cotton cloth and leave them for a day.

    The correct sequence of these steps is :
    (A) III, I, V, IV, II
    (B) III, I, II, IV, V
    (C) III, IV, V, I, II
    (D) III, I, IV, V, II VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 34
    Four students P, Q, R and S differently reported the following set of organs to be analogous :

    P. Forelimb of a frog and forelimb of a lizard
    Q. Forelimb of a bird and forelimb of a human
    R. Wings of a parrot and wings of a butterfly
    S. Wings of a bird and wings of a bat

    The two students who have reported correctly are :

    (A) P and Q
    (B) Q and R
    (C) R and S
    (D) P and S VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 35
    Which one of the following pairs of vegetables is an example of homologous structures?
    (A) Potato and sweet potato
    (B) Carrot and radish
    (C) Carrot and tomato
    (D) Tomato and radish VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 36
    Identify the figures showing the process of budding in yeast.

    (A) I, II and III
    (B) II, III and IV
    (C) I, II and IV
    (D) III, IV and I VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 37
    Study the following diagrams showing various stages of binary fission in Amoeba:



    The correct sequence of these diagrams should be:

    (A) I, IV, III, II, V
    (B) I, III, IV, II, V
    (C) I, II, IV, III, V
    (D) I, II, III, IV, V VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 38
    A student takes about 6 ml of distilled water in each of the four test tubes P, Q, R and S. He then dissolves an equal amount of four different salts namely, sodium chloride in 'P', potassium chloride in 'Q', calcium chloride in 'R' and magnesium chloride in 'S'. Next, he then adds 10 drops of soap solution to each test tube and shakes its contents. The test tubes in which scum (insoluble substance) is formed with soap are:
    (A) P and Q
    (B) Q and R
    (C) R and S
    (D) Q and S VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 39
    A student adds a few drops of ethanoic acid to test tubes X, Y and Z containing aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, respectively. If he now brings a burning splinter near the mouth of the test tubes immediately after adding ethanoic acid in each one of them, in which of the test tube or test tubes the flame will be extinguished?
    (A) X and Y
    (B) Y and Z
    (C) X and Z
    (D) only Z VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 40
    When you add about 2 ml of acetic acid to a test tube containing an equal amount of distilled water and leave the test tube to settle after shaking its contents, what will you observe in the test tube after about 5 minutes?

    (A) A white precipitate settling at its bottom
    (B) A clear colourless solution
    (C) A layer of water over the layer of acetic acid
    (D) A layer of acetic acid over the layer of water VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 41
    In order to study saponification reaction, we first prepare 20% solution of sodium hydroxide. If we record the temperature of this solution just after adding sodium hydroxide flakes to water and also test its nature using litmus, it may be concluded that the process of making this solution is

    (A) exothermic and the solution is alkaline
    (B) endothermic and the solution is alkaline
    (C) endothermic and the solution is acidic
    (D) exothermic and the solution is acidic VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 42
    While studying saponification reaction for the preparation of soap, a teacher suggested to a student to add a small quantity of common salt to the reaction mixture. The function of common salt in this reaction is to

    (A) reduce the alkalinity of the soap
    (B) reduce the acidity of the soap
    (C) enhance the cleansing capacity of soap
    (D) favour precipitation of soap VIEW SOLUTION
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